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Spatial Assembly: Generative Architecture With Reinforcement Learning, Self Play and Tree Search

With this work we investigate the use of Reinforcement Learning (RL) for generation of spatial assemblies, by combining ideas from Procedural Generation algorithms (Wave Function Collapse algorithm (WFC)) and RL for Game Solving. WFC is a Generative Design algorithm, inspired by Constraint Satisfaction Solvers. In WFC,one defines a set of tiles/blocks and constraints and the algorithm generates an assembly that satisfies these constraints. Casting the problem of generation of spatial assemblies as a Markov Decision Process whose states transitions are defined by WFC, we propose an algorithm that uses Reinforcement Learning and Self-Play to learn a policy that generates assemblies which maximize objectives set by the designer. We demonstrate the use of our Spatial Assembly algorithm in Architecture Design.


Panagiotis Tigas, Tyson Hosmer
Workshop on Machine Learning for Creativity and Design at the 34rd Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS 2020) [Paper]

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